A city is a subtype of municipalities in the Canadian Province of Ontario. A city can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality. Ontario has 51 cities that had a cumulative population of 9,293,031 and an average population of 182,216 in the 2011 Census. Ontario's largest and smallest cities are Toronto and Dryden with populations of 2,615,060 and 7,617 respectively. Ontario's newest city is Markham, which changed from a town to a city on July 1, 2012.