JSC Phazotron (Phazotron-NIIR, ОАО «Корпорация «Фазотрон-НИИР»), is Russia's largest developer of military radars and avionics. Named after one of the major projects and the most important one it was involved in, the first cosmotron in the former-USSR, it was first formed in June 1917 to produce aviation instruments. Its main office is in Moscow and it has 25 affiliated companies, branches and separate units in Moscow and other cities in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. It employs an estimated 5000 employees. During the Soviet era, it was commonly known as the Scientific Research Institute of Radar, NII Radar or NIIR (Not to be confused with NII Radio, also NIIR).