In 1930 Dr. António de Oliveira Salazar became the Prime Minister of Portugal. He was the architect of the Portuguese Colonial Act, which affected Portuguese India, differentiating them from the metropolitan Portuguese people. Because of this act the Portuguese Indians lost a great deal of benefits. These included free trips to Portugal for rest and recreation, their allowances became lower than those of the white officials, and other facilities that the white Portuguese had overseas were not available to Portuguese Indians.