Principle of sufficient reason
The principle of sufficient reason states that everything must have a reason or a cause. The modern formulation of the principle is usually attributed to Gottfried Leibniz, although the idea was conceived of and utilized by various philosophers who preceded him, including Anaximander, Parmenides, Archimedes, Plato and Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, Thomas Aquinas, and Spinoza. Some philosophers have associated the principle of sufficient reason with "ex nihilo nihil fit"., Hamilton identified the laws of inference modus ponens with the "law of Sufficient Reason, or of Reason and Consequent" and modus tollens with its contrapositive expression.
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Principle of sufficient reason
The principle of sufficient reason states that everything must have a reason or a cause. The modern formulation of the principle is usually attributed to Gottfried Leibniz, although the idea was conceived of and utilized by various philosophers who preceded him, including Anaximander, Parmenides, Archimedes, Plato and Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, Thomas Aquinas, and Spinoza. Some philosophers have associated the principle of sufficient reason with "ex nihilo nihil fit"., Hamilton identified the laws of inference modus ponens with the "law of Sufficient Reason, or of Reason and Consequent" and modus tollens with its contrapositive expression.
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De wet van de toereikende gron ...... het bestaan van een vrije wil.
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Der Satz vom zureichenden Grun ...... nd nicht anders zu begreifen.“
@de
El principio de razón suficien ...... ne una explicación suficiente.
@es
Il principio di ragion suffici ...... prevedibili (teoria del caos).
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Le principe de raison suffisan ...... re façon » (Théodicée, I, 44).
@fr
O princípio de razão suficient ...... suficiente do porquê X existe.
@pt
Principle of Sufficient Reason ...... لغاية له مجال واسع في التطبيق.
@ar
The principle of sufficient re ...... its contrapositive expression.
@en
При́нцип доста́точного основа́ ...... это возможно, её формализация.
@ru
充足理由律是逻辑学基本原理之一。
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De wet van de toereikende gron ...... het bestaan van een vrije wil.
@nl
Der Satz vom zureichenden Grun ...... anderes zurückgeführt werden.
@de
El principio de razón suficien ...... ne una explicación suficiente.
@es
Il principio di ragion suffici ...... nza un perché o senza ragione:
@it
Le principe de raison suffisan ...... re façon » (Théodicée, I, 44).
@fr
O princípio de razão suficient ...... suficiente do porquê X existe.
@pt
Principle of Sufficient Reason ...... لغاية له مجال واسع في التطبيق.
@ar
The principle of sufficient re ...... its contrapositive expression.
@en
При́нцип доста́точного основа́ ...... ия к самому же этому принципу.
@ru
充足理由律是逻辑学基本原理之一。
@zh
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Principe de raison suffisante
@fr
Principio de razón suficiente
@es
Principio di ragion sufficiente
@it
Principle of sufficient reason
@en
Princípio de razão suficiente
@pt
Satz vom zureichenden Grund
@de
Wet van de toereikende grond
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Принцип достаточного основания
@ru
مبدأ العلة الكافية
@ar
充足理由律
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