T cell vaccination is immunization with inactivated autoreactive T cells. The concept of T cell vacination is, at least partially, analogous to classical vaccination against infectious disease. However, the agents to be eliminated or neutralized are not foreign microbial agents but a pathogenic autoreactive T cell population. Research on T cell vaccination so far has focused mostly on multiple sclerosis and to a lesser extent on rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and AIDS. To be distinguished from T-cell vaccines that are vaccines designed to induce protective T cells.