Islamic Defenders Front

The Islamic Defenders Front (Indonesian: Front Pembela Islam (FPI)) was an Indonesian hardline Islamist organization founded in 1998 by Muhammad Rizieq Shihab with backing from military and political figures. The organization's leader since 2015 is Ahmad Shabri Lubis, while Rizieq Shihab has the title of Grand Imam (Indonesian: Imam Besar) of the FPI for life. The FPI originally positioned itself as an Islamic moral police force against vice, conducting vigilante activities. It also acted as an Islamist pressure group with online campaigns and mass mobilizations against pro-democracy activists, Chinese Indonesians and reformist politicians.

Islamic Defenders Front

The Islamic Defenders Front (Indonesian: Front Pembela Islam (FPI)) was an Indonesian hardline Islamist organization founded in 1998 by Muhammad Rizieq Shihab with backing from military and political figures. The organization's leader since 2015 is Ahmad Shabri Lubis, while Rizieq Shihab has the title of Grand Imam (Indonesian: Imam Besar) of the FPI for life. The FPI originally positioned itself as an Islamic moral police force against vice, conducting vigilante activities. It also acted as an Islamist pressure group with online campaigns and mass mobilizations against pro-democracy activists, Chinese Indonesians and reformist politicians.