Anti-Quebec sentiment (French: Sentiment anti-Québécois) is a form of racism expressed toward the government, culture, or the francophone people of Quebec. French-language media in Quebec have termed Quebec bashing what it perceives as hateful anti-Quebec coverage in the English-language media. They cite examples mostly from the English-Canadian media, and occasionally in coverage from other countries, often based on Canadian sources. Some sovereignist journalists and academics noted that unfavourable depictions of the province by the media increased in the late 1990s after the unsuccessful 1995 Quebec referendum on independence.