Jean Baptiste François René Koehler (7 March 1860, Saint-Dié – 19 April 1931, Lyon) was a French zoologist best known for his research of echinoderms. He studied medicine and zoology in Nancy. In 1889 he became a member of the faculty of sciences in Lyon, where in 1894, he attained the chair of zoology. In 1911 he was selected as president of the Société zoologique de France. In 1988 the genus Koehleria (Cherbonnier) of the family Cucumariidae was named in his honor. Also, he is commemorated by organisms with the specific epithet of koehleri.